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el4421c/22c/41c/42c/43c/44c january 1996 rev c el4421c/22c/41c/42c/43c/44c multiplexed-input video amplifiers note: all information contained in this data sheet has been carefully checked and is believed to be accurate as of the date of publication; however, this data sheet cannot be a ``controlled document''. current revisions, if any, to these specifications are maintained at the factory and are available upon your request. we recommend checking the revision level before finalization of your design documentation. ? 1994 elantec, inc. features # unity or a 2-gain bandwidth of 80 mhz # 70 db off-channel isolation at 4 mhz # directly drives high-impedance or 75 x loads # .02% and .02 differential gain and phase errors # 8 ns switching time # k 100 mv switching glitch # 0.2% loaded gain error # compatible with g 3v to g 15v supplies # 160 mw maximum dissipation at g 5v supplies ordering information part no. temp. range package outline el4421cn b 40 cto a 85 c 8-pin pdip mdp0031 el4421cs b 40 cto a 85 c 8-pin so mdp0027 EL4422Cn b 40 cto a 85 c 8-pin pdip mdp0031 EL4422Cs b 40 cto a 85 c 8-pin so mdp0027 el4441cn b 40 cto a 85 c 14-pin pdip mdp0031 el4441cs b 40 cto a 85 c 14-pin so mdp0027 el4442cn b 40 cto a 85 c 14-pin pdip mdp0031 el4442cs b 40 cto a 85 c 14-pin so mdp0027 el4443cn b 40 cto a 85 c 14-pin pdip mdp0031 el4443cs b 40 cto a 85 c 14-pin so mdp0027 el4444cn b 40 cto a 85 c 14-pin pdip mdp0031 el4444cs b 40 cto a 85 c 14-pin so mdp0027 general description the el44xx family of video multiplexed-amplifiers offers a very quick 8 ns switching time and low glitch along with very low video distortion. the amplifiers have good gain accuracy even when driving low-impedance loads. to save power, the am- plifiers do not require heavy loading to remain stable. the el4421 and el4422 are two-input multiplexed amplifiers. the -inputs of the input stages are wired together and the de- vice can be used as a pin-compatible upgrade from the max453. the el4441 and el4442 have four inputs, also with common feedback. these may be used as upgrades of the max454. the el4443 and el4444 are also 4-input multiplexed amplifi- ers, but both positive and negative inputs are wired separately. a wide variety of gain- and phase-switching circuits can be built using independent feedback paths for each channel. the el4421, el4441, and el4443 are internally compensated for unity-gain operation. the el4422, el4442, and el4444 are compensated for gains of a 2 or more, especially useful for driv- ing back-matched cables. the amplifiers have an operational temperature of b 40 cto a 85 c and are packaged in plastic 8- and 14-pin dip and 8- and 14-pin so. the el44xx multiplexed-amplifier family is fabricated with elantec's proprietary complementary bipolar process which gives excellent signal symmetry and is very rugged. connection diagrams el4421/el4422 4421 1 el4441/el4442 4421 2 el4443/el4444 4421 3 manufactured under u.s. patent no. 5,352,987
el4421c/22c/41c/42c/43c/44c multiplexed-input video amplifiers absolute maximum ratings v a positive supply voltage 16.5v v s v a to v b supply voltage 33v v in voltage at any input or feedback v a to v b d v in difference between pairs of inputs or feedback 6v v logic voltage at a0 or a1 b 4v to 6v i in current into any input, 4 ma feedback, or logic pin i out output current 30 ma p d maximum power dissipation see curves important note: all parameters having min/max specifications are guaranteed. the test level column indicates the specific device testing actually performed during production and quality inspection. elantec performs most electrical tests using modern high-speed automatic test equipment, specifically the ltx77 series system. unless otherwise noted, all tests are pulsed tests, therefore t j e t c e t a . test level test procedure i 100% production tested and qa sample tested per qa test plan qcx0002. ii 100% production tested at t a e 25 c and qa sample tested at t a e 25 c, t max and t min per qa test plan qcx0002. iii qa sample tested per qa test plan qcx0002. iv parameter is guaranteed (but not tested) by design and characterization data. v parameter is typical value at t a e 25 c for information purposes only. open-loop dc electrical characteristics power supplies at g 5v, t a e 25 c, r l e 500 x , unless otherwise specified parameter description min typ max test units level v os input offset voltage 21, 41, and 43 b 9 g 39 i mv 22, 42, and 44 b 7 g 27 i i b input bias current, positive inputs only of the 21, 22, 41, 42, and all inputs of b 12 b 50 i m a the 43 and 44 i fb input bias currents of common feedback b 21 and 22 b 24 b 10 0 i m a b 41 and 42 b 48 b 20 0 i m a i os input offset currents of the 43 and 44 60 350 i na e g gain error of the 21 and 41 and 43 0.2 0.6 i % 22, 42 and 44 (note 1) 0.1 0.6 i v/v a vol open-loop gain el4443 350 500 i v/v (note 1) el4444 500 750 i v/v v in input signal range, el4421 and el4441 g 2.5 g 3iv (note 2) cmrr common-mode rejection ratio, el4443 70 90 i db and el4444 psrr power supply rejection ratio 60 70 i db v s from g 5v to g 15v 2 td is 3.3in
el4421c/22c/41c/42c/43c/44c multiplexed-input video amplifiers open-loop dc electrical characteristics e contd. power supplies at g 5v, t a e 25 c parameter description min typ max test units level cmir common-mode input range g 2.5 g 3iv (note 3) el4443 and el4444 v out output swing g 2.5 g 3.5 i v i sc output short-circuit current g 40 g 80 i ma f t unselected channel feedthrough '21, '41, '43 70 80 i db attenuation, (note 1) '22, '42, '44 55 64 i db i logic input current at a0 and a1 b 16 b 80 i m a with input e 0v and 5v v logic logic valid high and low input levels 0.8 2.0 i v i s supply current el4421 and el4422 11 14 ima el4441, el4442, el4443, and el4444 13 16 note 1: the 21, 41, and 43 devices are connected for unity-gain operation with 75 x load and an input span of g 1v. the 22, 42, and 44 devices are connected for a gain of a 2 with a 150 x load and a g 1v input span with r f e r g e 270 x . note 2: the 21 and 41 devices are connected for unity gain with a g 3v input span while the output swing is measured. note 3: cmir is assured by passing the cmrr test at input voltage extremes. closed-loop ac electrical characteristics power supplies at g 5v. t a e 25 c, for el4421, el4441, and el4443 a v ea 1 and r l e 500 x , for el4422, el4442, and el4444 a v ea 2 and r l e 150 x with r f e r g e 270 x and c f e 3 pf; for all c l e 15 pf parameter description min typ max test units level bw b 3db b 3 db small-signal bandwidth, el4421, '41, '43 80 v mhz el4422, '42, '44 65 v mhz bw g 0.1 db 0.1 db flatness bandwidth 10 v mhz peaking frequency response peaking 0.5 v db sr slewrate, v out between b 2.5v and a 2.5v, v s e g 12v el4421, el4441, el4443 150 200 i v/ m sec el4422, el4442, el4444 180 240 i v/ m sec v n input-referred noise voltage density el4421, el4441, el4443 18 v nv/rt-hz el4422, el4442, el4444 14 v nv/rt-hz d g differential gain error, v offset between b 0.7v and a 0.7v el4421, el4441, el4443 (v s e g 12v) 0.01 v % el4421, el4441, el4443 (v s e g 5v) 0.10 v % el4422, el4442, el4444 (v s e g 12v) 0.02 v % el4422, el4442, el4444 (v s e g 5v) 0.11 v % 3 td is 2.2in td is 2.6in
el4421c/22c/41c/42c/43c/44c multiplexed-input video amplifiers closed-loop ac electrical characteristics power supplies at g 5v. t a e 25 c, for el4421, el4441, and el4443 a v ea 1 and r l e 500 x , for el4422, el4442, and el4444 a v ea 2 and r l e 150 x with r f e r g e 270 x and c f e 3 pf; for all c l e 15 pf e contd. parameter description min typ max test units level d o differential phase error, v offset between b 0.7v and a 0.7v el4421, el4441, el4443 (v s e g 12v) 0.01 v el4421, el4441, el4443 (v s e g 5v) 0.1 v el4422, el4442, el4444 (v s e g 12v) 0.02 v el4422, el4442, el4444 (v s e g 5v) 0.15 v t mux multiplex delay time, logic threshold to 50% signal change el4421, '22 8 v nsec el4441, '42, '43, '44 12 v nsec v glitch peak multiplex glitch el4421, '22 70 v mv el4441, '42, '43, '44 100 v mv iso channel off isolation at 3.58 mhz (see text) el4421, el4441, el4443 76 v db el4422, el4442, el4444 63 v db typical performance curves v s e g 5v, r l e 500 x small-signal transient response el4421, el4441, and el4443 4421 5 v s e g 12v, r l e 500 x large-signal response el4421, el4441, and el4443 4421 6 various gains frequency response for el4421, el4441, and el4443 4421 7 frequency response for el4422, el4442, and el4444 various gains 4421 8 4 td is 2.4in
el4421c/22c/41c/42c/43c/44c multiplexed-input video amplifiers typical performance curves e contd. v s e g 5v, a v ea 1 frequency response for various loads el4421, el4441, and el4443 4421 9 v s e g 5v, a v ea 2 frequency response for various loads el4422, el4442, and el4444 4421 10 v s e g 15v, a v ea 1 for various loads frequency response 4421 11 v s e g 15v, a v ea 2 frequency response for various loads el4422, el4442, and el4444 4421 12 phase vs frequency el4443 open-loop gain and 4421 13 phase vs frequency el4444 open-loop gain and 4421 37 5
el4421c/22c/41c/42c/43c/44c multiplexed-input video amplifiers typical performance curves e contd. and peaking vs supply voltage b 3 db bandwidth, slewrate, el4421, el4441, and el4443 4421 14 and peaking vs supply voltage b 3 db bandwidth, slewrate, el4422, el4442, and el4444 4421 15 vs temperature, a v ea 1, r l e 500 x bandwidth, slewrate, and peaking el4421, el4441, and el4443 4421 16 a v ea 2, r l e 150 x ,r i e r g e 270 x ,c f e 3pf slewrate, and peaking vs temperature, el4422, el4442, and el4444 bandwidth, 4421 17 vs load resistance b 3 db bandwidth and gain error el4421, el4441, and el4443 4421 18 input noise vs frequency 4421 19 6
el4421c/22c/41c/42c/43c/44c multiplexed-input video amplifiers typical performance curves e contd. a v ea 1, r l e 500 x ,f e 3.58 mhz and phase errors, vs input offset, el4421, el4441, and el4443 differential gain 4421 20 a v ea 2, r l e 150 x ,f e 3.58 mhz and phase error vs input offset; el4422, el4442, and el4444 differential gain 4421 21 a v ea 1, f e 3.58 mhz, v offset e 0 x 0.714v and phase error vs load resistance; el4421, el4441, and el4443 differential gain 4421 22 vs load resistance el4443 and el4444 open-loop gain 4421 23 with supply voltage change in v os ,a v , and i b 4421 24 and a v vs temperature change in v os ,i b , 4421 25 7
el4421c/22c/41c/42c/43c/44c multiplexed-input video amplifiers typical performance curves e contd. to uncorrelated sinewave and back switching from grounded input switching waveforms 4421 26 switching glitch channel-to-channel 4421 27 feedthrough vs frequency unselected channel el4421, el4441, and el4443 4421 28 feedthrough vs frequency unselected channel el4422, el4442, and el4444 4421 29 input and output range vs el4443 and el4444 supply voltage (output unloaded) 4421 30 8
el4421c/22c/41c/42c/43c/44c multiplexed-input video amplifiers typical performance curves e contd. supply voltage supply current vs 4421 31 temperature supply current vs 4421 32 ambient temperature power dissipation vs 8-pin package 4421 33 ambient temperature power dissipation vs 14-pin package 4421 34 applications information general description the el44xx family of video mux-amps are com- posed of two or four input stages whose inputs are selected and control an output stage. one of the inputs is active at a time and the circuit be- haves as a traditional voltage-feedback op-amp for that input, rejecting signals present at the un- selected inputs. selection is controlled by one or two logic inputs. the el4421, el4422, el4441, and el4442 have all b inputs wired in parallel, allowing a single feedback network to set the gain of all inputs. these devices are wired for positive gains. the el4443 and el4444, on the other hand, have all a inputs and b inputs brought out separately so that the input stage can be wired for independent gains and gain polarities with separate feedback networks. the el4421, el4441, and el4443 are compen- sated for unity-gain stability, while the el4422, el4442, and el4444 are compensated for a fed- back gain of a 2, ideal for driving back-terminat- ed cables or maintaining bandwidth at higher fed-back gains. 9
el4421c/22c/41c/42c/43c/44c multiplexed-input video amplifiers applications information e contd. switching characteristics the logic inputs work with standard ttl levels of 0.8v or less for a logic 0 and 2.0v or more for a logic 1, making them compatible for ttl and cmos drivers. the ground pin is the logic threshold biasing reference. the simplified input circuitry is shown below: 4421 35 figure 1. simplified logic input circuitry the ground pin draws a maximum dc current of 6 m a, and may be biased anywhere between (v b ) a 2.5v and (v a ) b 3.5v. the logic inputs may range from (v b ) a 2.5v to v a , and are ad- ditionally required to be no more negative than v(gnd pin) b 4v and no more positive than v(gnd pin) a 6v. for example, within these constraints, we can power the el44xx's from a 5v and a 12v with- out a negative supply by using these connections: 4421 36 figure 2. using the el44xx mux amps with a 5v and a 12v supplies 10
el4421c/22c/41c/42c/43c/44c multiplexed-input video amplifiers applications information e contd. the logic input(s) and ground pin are shifted 2.5v above system ground to correctly bias the mux-amp. of course, all the signal inputs and output will have to be shifted 2.5v above system ground to ensure proper signal path biasing. a final caution: the ground pin is also connected to the ic's substrate and frequency compensation components. the ground pin must be returned to system ground by a short wire or nearby bypass capacitor. in figure 2, the 22 k x resistors also serve to isolate the bypassed ground pin from the a 5v supply noise. signal amplitudes signal input and output voltages must be be- tween (v b ) a 2.5v and (v a ) b 2.5v to ensure linearity. additionally, the differential voltage on any input stage must be limited to g 6v to pre- vent damage. in unity-gain connections, any in- put could have g 3v applied and the output would be at g 3v, putting us at our 6v differen- tial limit. higher-gain circuit applications divide the output voltage and allow for larger outputs. for instance, at a gain of a 2 the maximum input is again g 3v and the output swing is g 6v. the el4443 or el4444 can be wired for inverting gain with even more amplitude possible. the output and positive inputs respond to over- loading amplitudes correctly; that is, they simply clamp and remain monotonic with increasing a input overdrive. a condition exists, however, where the b input of an active stage is overdriven by large outputs. this occurs mainly in unity- gain connections, and only happens for negative inputs. the overloaded input cannot control the feedback loop correctly and the output can be- come non-monotonic. a typical scenario has the circuit running on g 5v supplies, connected for unity gain, and the input is the maximum g 3v. negative input extremes can cause the output to jump from b 3v to around b 2.3v. this will nev- er happen if the input is restricted to g 2.5v, which is the guaranteed maximum input compli- ance with g 5v supplies, and is not a problem with greater supply voltages. connecting the feedback network with a divider will prevent the overloaded output voltage from being large enough to overload the b input and monotonic 11
el4421c/22c/41c/42c/43c/44c multiplexed-input video amplifiers applications information e contd. behavior is assured. in any event, keeping signals within guaranteed compliance limits will assure freedom from overload problems. the input and output ranges are substantially constant with temperature. power supplies the mux-amps work well on any supplies from g 3v to g 15v. the supplies may be of different voltages as long as the requirements of the gnd pin are observed (see the switching characteris- tics section for a discussion). the supplies should be bypassed close to the device with short leads. 4.7 m f tantalum capacitors are very good, and no smaller bypasses need be placed in parallel. ca- pacitors as small as 0.01 m f can be used if small load currents flow. single-polarity supplies, such as a 12v with a 5v can be used as described in the switching characteristics section. the inputs and outputs will have to have their levels shifted above ground to accommodate the lack of negative sup- ply. the dissipation of the mux-amps increases with power supply voltage, and this must be compati- ble with the package chosen. this is a close esti- mate for the dissipation of a circuit: p d e 2v s c i s ,max a (v s v o ) c v o /r par where i s , max is the maximum supply cur- rent v s is the g supply voltage (as- sumed equal) v o if the output voltage r par is the parallel of all resistors loading the output for instance, the el4422 draws a maximum of 14 ma and we might require a 2v peak output into 150 x and a 270 x a 270 x feedback divider. the r par is 117 x . the dissipation with g 5v supplies is 191 mw. the maximum supply volt- age that the device can run on for a given p d and the other parameter is v s , max e (p d a v o 2 /r par )/2is a v o /r par ) the maximum dissipation a package support is p d , max e (t d , max-t a , max)/r th where t d , max is the maximum die temper- ature, 150 c for reliability, less to re- tain optimum electrical performance t a , max is the ambient temperature, 70 for commercial and 85 c for indus- trial range r th is the thermal resistance of the mounted package, obtained from data sheet dissipation curves the most difficult case is the so-8 package. with a maximum die temperature of 150 c and a maxi- mum ambient temperature of 85 , the 65 temper- ature rise and package thermal resistance of 170 /w gives a maximum dissipation of 382 mw. this allows a maximum supply voltage of g 9.2v for the el4422 operated in our example. if the el4421 were driving a light load (r par x % ), it could operate on g 15v supplies at a 70 maxi- mum ambient. the el4441 through el4444 can operate on g 12v supplies in the so package, and all parts can be powered by g 15v supplies in dip pack- ages. output loading the output stage of the mux-amp is very power- ful, and can source 80 ma and sink 120 ma. of course, this is too much current to sustain and the part will eventually be destroyed by excessive dissipation or by metal traces on the die opening. the metal traces are completely reliable while de- livering the 30 ma continuous output given in the absolute maximum ratings table in this data sheet, or higher purely transient currents. gain or gain accuracy degrades only 10% from no load to 100 x load. heavy resistive loading will degrade frequency response and video distortion only a bit, becoming noticeably worse for loads k 100 x . 12
el4421c/22c/41c/42c/43c/44c multiplexed-input video amplifiers applications information e contd. capacitive loads will cause peaking in the fre- quency response. if capacitive loads must be driv- en, a small-valued series resistor can be used to isolate it. 12 x to 51 x should suffice. a 22 x series resistor will limit peaking to 2.5 db with even a 220 pf load. input connections the input transistors can be driven from resistive and capacitive sources but are capable of oscilla- tion when presented with an inductive input. it takes about 80 nh of series inductance to make the inputs actually oscillate, equivalent to four inches of unshielded wiring or about 6 of unter- minated input transmission line. the oscillation has a characteristic frequency of 500 mhz. often simply placing one's finger (via a metal probe) or an oscilloscope probe on the input will kill the oscillation. normal high-frequency con- struction obviates any such problems, where the input source is reasonably close to the mux-amp input. if this is not possible, one can insert series resistors of around 51 x to de-q the inputs. feedback connections a feedback divider is used to increase circuit gain, and some precautions should be observed. the first is that parasitic capacitance at the b in- put will add phase lag to the feedback path and increase frequency response peaking or even cause oscillation. one solution is to choose feed- back resistors whose parallel value is low. the pole frequency of the feedback network should be maintained above at least 200 mhz. fo ra3pf parasitic, this requires that the feedback divider have less than 265 x impedance, equivalent to two 510 x resistors when a gain of a 2 is desired. alternatively, a small capacitor across r f can be used to create more of a frequency-compensated divider. the value of the capacitor should match the parasitic capacitance at the b input. it is also practical to place small capacitors across both the feedback resistors (whose values maintain the de- sired gain) to swamp out parasitics. for instance, two 10 pf capacitors across equal divider resis- tors will dominate parasitic effects and allow a higher divider resistance. the other major concern about the divider con- cerns unselected-channel crosstalk. the differen- tial input impedance of each input stage is around 200 k x . the unselected input's signal sources thus drive current through that input im- pedance into the feedback divider, inducing an unwanted output. the gain from unselected in- put to output, the crosstalk attenuation, if r f / r in . in unity-gain connection the feedback resis- tor is 0 x and very little crosstalk is induced. for a gain of a 2, the crosstalk is about b 60 db. feedthrough attenuation the channels have different crosstalk levels with different inputs. here is the typical attenuation for all combinations of inputs for the mux-amps at 3.58 mhz: feedthrough of el4441 and el4443 at 3.58 mhz in1 in2 in3 in4 inputs, select a1a0 00 selected b 77 db b 90 db b 92 db 01 b 80 db selected b 77 db b 90 db 10 b 101 db b 76 db selected b 66 db 11 b 96 db b 84 db b 66 db selected feedthrough of el4421 at 3.58 mhz in1 in2 channel select 0 selected b 88 db input, a0 1 b 93 db selected switching glitches the output of the mux-amps produces a small ``glitch'' voltage in response to a logic input change. a peak amplitude of only about 90 mv occurs, and the transient settles out in 20 ns. the glitch does not change amplitude with different gain settings. with the four-input multiplexers, when two logic inputs are simultaneously changed, the glitch amplitude doubles. the increase can be a avoided by keeping transitions at least 6 ns apart. this can be accomplished by inserting one gate delay in one of the two logic inputs when they are truly synchronous. 13 td is 0.5in td is 0.5in
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el4421c/22c/41c/42c/43c/44c january 1996 rev c el4421c/22c/41c/42c/43c/44c multiplexed-input video amplifiers general disclaimer specifications contained in this data sheet are in effect as of the publication date shown. elantec, inc. reserves the right to make changes in the circuitry or specifications contained herein at any time without notice. elantec, inc. assumes no responsibility for the use of any circuits described herein and makes no representations that they are free from patent infringement. elantec, inc. 1996 tarob court milpitas, ca 95035 telephone: (408) 945-1323 (800) 333-6314 fax: (408) 945-9305 european office: 44-71-482-4596 warning e life support policy elantec, inc. products are not authorized for and should not be used within life support systems without the specific written consent of elantec, inc. life support systems are equipment in- tended to support or sustain life and whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions provided can be reasonably expected to result in significant personal injury or death. users contemplating application of elantec, inc. products in life support systems are requested to contact elantec, inc. factory headquarters to establish suitable terms & conditions for these applications. elantec, inc.'s warranty is limited to replace- ment of defective components and does not cover injury to per- sons or property or other consequential damages. printed in u.s.a. 16

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